{"id":6341,"date":"2025-03-06T08:20:00","date_gmt":"2025-03-06T06:20:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.arado.org\/MNGNews\/?p=6341"},"modified":"2025-06-16T08:21:55","modified_gmt":"2025-06-16T06:21:55","slug":"%d8%b4%d9%8a%d9%83%d8%8c-%d8%a3%d9%84%d9%8a%d9%86","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.arado.org\/MNGNews\/?p=6341","title":{"rendered":"\u0634\u064a\u0643\u060c \u0623\u0644\u064a\u0646"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong>\u0633\u064a\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629<\/strong><strong>:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0634\u064a\u0643\u060c \u0623\u0644\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0648\u0631\u0643 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1956\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0645 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\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0622\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0634\u0627\u064b \u062c\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646\u062c\u0631\u0633 \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0643\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0632 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0648\u062e\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0625\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u062c\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0645\u0633\u0631\u062f \u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0647<\/strong><strong>:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul type=\"1\"><li>Schick, Allen. \u201cThe Road to PPB: the Stages of Budget Reform,\u201d Public Administration Review, (December 1966).<\/li><li>Schick, Allen. \u201cSystems Politics and Systems Budgeting,\u201d Public Administration Review, (March\/April 1969).<\/li><li>Schick, Allen. \u201cThe Budget Bureau that Was: Thoughts on the Rise, Decline and Future of a Presidential Agency,\u201d Law and Contemporary Problems, Vol. 25 (1970).<\/li><li>Schick, Allen. \u201cA Death in the Bureaucracy: the Demise of Federal PPB,\u201d Public Administration Review, (March\/April 1973).<\/li><li>Schick, Allen. Budget Innovation in the States. Washington, D.C. The Brookings Institution, 1971.<\/li><li>Schick, Allen. \u201cCongress and the Details of Administration,\u201d Public Administration Review, (September\/October 1976).<\/li><li>Schick, Allen. \u201cZero-Based Budgeting and Sunset: Redundancy or Symbiosis,\u201d the Bureaucrat (Spring 1977).<\/li><li>Schick, Allen. \u201cThe Road from ZBB,\u201d Public Administration Review, (March\/April 1978).<\/li><li>Schick, Allen. Congress and Money: Budgeting, Spending and Taxing, Washington, D. C.: the Urban Institute, 1980.<\/li><li>Schick, Allen. Reconciliation and the Congressional Budget Process. Washington, D. C.: American Enterprise Institute, 1981.<\/li><\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0633\u064a\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629: \u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0634\u064a\u0643\u060c \u0623\u0644\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0648\u0631\u0643 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1956\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1959\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1969\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0643\u062a\u064a\u0643\u062a. \u062f\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a. \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u064a \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646\u062c\u0631\u0633 (\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646\u062c\u0631\u0633)\u060c \u0648\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0630\u0644\u0643 &hellip;<\/p>\n<p class=\"read-more\"> <a class=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.arado.org\/MNGNews\/?p=6341\"> <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">\u0634\u064a\u0643\u060c \u0623\u0644\u064a\u0646<\/span> \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f &raquo;<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":6342,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[11],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.arado.org\/MNGNews\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6341"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.arado.org\/MNGNews\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.arado.org\/MNGNews\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.arado.org\/MNGNews\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.arado.org\/MNGNews\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=6341"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.arado.org\/MNGNews\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6341\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6343,"href":"https:\/\/www.arado.org\/MNGNews\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6341\/revisions\/6343"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.arado.org\/MNGNews\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/6342"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.arado.org\/MNGNews\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=6341"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.arado.org\/MNGNews\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=6341"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.arado.org\/MNGNews\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=6341"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}